Understanding The Differences Between Freight Forwarding, Ocean Freight Operations, And Shipping Operations

Understanding The Differences Between Freight Forwarding, Ocean Freight Operations, And Shipping Operations

This article explores the distinctions between freight forwarding, ocean shipping operations, and shipping management. A freight forwarder acts as an intermediary responsible for the transportation procedures of clients' goods, while ocean shipping operations focus on the specific processes involved in maritime shipping, including shipment and booking. Shipping management is handled by staff responsible for pricing and booking, which includes multiple steps.

Customs Vs National Territory Key for Crossborder Trade

Customs Vs National Territory Key for Crossborder Trade

This paper delves into the distinction between customs territory and national border, emphasizing that the key to defining a customs territory is the “implementation of the same customs law,” and correcting misconceptions about “within the border but outside customs.” It also provides a detailed introduction to the concept and operation of free trade ports, using Singapore and Hong Kong as examples to illustrate the role of free port policies in promoting international trade. Understanding these concepts is crucial for practitioners in cross-border trade.